Re. life and water temperature at Europa:
I suppose the temperature doesn't matter much as long as the ocean isn't frozen solid. The important things are that chemical reactions take place, the right elements are available for life, it's warm enough but not scalding, a liquid medium is present, and the environment isn't toxic. Sent from my iPhone
On Sep 26, 2016, at 5:02 PM, Chuck Hards <chuck.hards@gmail.com> wrote:
The freezing point of water can be affected by impurities in the water. For example, salt water freezes at a lower temperature than fresh water, depending on the saline concentration. Pressure may also affect the freezing point, but college chemistry class was over a third of a century ago. Google it.
Good question, Joe.
On Mon, Sep 26, 2016 at 4:55 PM, Joe Bauman via Utah-Astronomy <utah-astronomy@mailman.xmission.com> wrote: This may be a dopey question, but doesn't water have to be 32 degrees or above not to freeze?
Sent from my iPhone
On Sep 26, 2016, at 1:28 PM, Dunn, David <David.Dunn@supervalu.com> wrote:
One thought I have, I haven't found the answer yet, is how warm is the ocean under the ice. They know it is liquid water but with Jupiter pulling on it and radiating the moon and any core it has, I wonder how warm it is with all the protective ice on the surface.
Thanks, David Dunn
-----Original Message----- From: Utah-Astronomy [mailto:utah-astronomy-bounces@mailman.xmission.com] On Behalf Of Chuck Hards Sent: Monday, September 26, 2016 1:07 PM To: Joe Bauman <josephmbauman@yahoo.com>; Utah Astronomy <utah-astronomy@mailman.xmission.com> Subject: Re: [Utah-astronomy] Europan life?
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I think that would depend on the size of the organisms, the thickness of the ice, and the size of the fissures that rise to the surface. If the cracks are tight and miles deep, perhaps only microorganisms can make it all the way to the surface. Still, frozen bacteria, while not as nice as an alien fish, is better than nothing!
On Mon, Sep 26, 2016 at 12:40 PM, Joe Bauman via Utah-Astronomy < utah-astronomy@mailman.xmission.com> wrote:
If the ocean harbors living organisms, chances are great that their remains are frozen on the surface!
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