Fascinating! Physics applied. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Wish I had known about this years ago. Some on this list are still rebuilding old cars, or you encounter equipment with “frozen” lug nuts, or you know someone who can use this trick. This is one of the slickest (no pun intended) ways to free a frozen nut I’ve ever seen. It is a short video. LiveLeak.com - Removing rusted nuts > using a candle and a lighter <http://www.liveleak.com/view?i=ba2_1475277076> I won’t admit how many studs I have twisted off over the years. I will say, this trick would have saved me a LOT of aggravation AND money! CB