The meteoritic origin of Tutankhamuns iron dagger blade
FYI -- I thought this was kind of cool. So people started using iron prior to figuring out how to make it themselves. I personally think that the production of iron was closely related to the production of certain high temperature pottery/ceramics. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1111/maps.12664/asset/maps12664.pdf?... Scholars have long discussed the introduction and spread of iron metallurgy in different civilizations. The sporadic use of iron has been reported in the Eastern Mediterranean area from the late Neolithic period to the Bronze Age. Despite the rare existence of smelted iron, it is generally assumed that early iron objects were produced from meteoritic iron. Nevertheless, the methods of working the metal, its use, and diffusion are contentious issues compromised by lack of detailed analysis. Since its discovery in 1925, the meteoritic origin of the iron dagger blade from the sarcophagus of the ancient Egyptian King Tutankhamun (14th C. BCE) has been the subject of debate and previous analyses yielded controversial results. We show that the composition of the blade (Fe plus 10.8 wt% Ni and 0.58 wt% Co), accurately determined through portable x-ray fluorescence spectrometry, strongly supports its meteoritic origin. In agreement with recent results of metallographic analysis of ancient iron artifacts from Gerzeh, our study confirms that ancient Egyptians attributed great value to meteoritic iron for the production of precious objects. Moreover, the high manufacturing quality of Tutankhamuns dagger blade, in comparison with other simple-shaped meteoritic iron artifacts, suggests a significant mastery of ironworking in Tutankhamuns time. http://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation-now/2016/06/02/king-tut-ancient-eg...
I learned about the use of iron from meteorites by the Eskimos in the American Museum of Natural History (New York): https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cape_York_meteorite Foto of the display in the Museum here: https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cape_York_%28Meteorit%29 Much to my dismay, I found that there appears to be a lack of funding for the Museum (prior visit was 14 years ealier). Still, there are many truly awesome exhibits. Best regards, jj P.S.: terrestial elementary iron also exists. It is created essentially when magma says "hi" to coal. I actually own a small sample, it was expensive and looks positively boring. P.P.S.: The Sterling Hill Mining Museum (NJ, _highly_ recommended (*)) has 2 big meteorites (one is 50 kg or so) but didn't know it. I told them (they were surprised) and asked about the origin, apparently that information has been lost. (*) if fluorescence means anything to you: world class! * Henry Baker <hbaker1@pipeline.com> [Jun 03. 2016 08:45]:
FYI -- I thought this was kind of cool. So people started using iron prior to figuring out how to make it themselves. [...]
participants (2)
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Henry Baker -
Joerg Arndt