Re: [math-fun] Thought up while drawing polygons ...
"Steve Gray" <stevebg@adelphia.net> asks:
In the unit square pick 4 points A,B,C,D at random (x,y each uniformly distributed). Draw lines AB, BC, CD, DA. What is the probability that two of these lines will cross (that is, we get a reflexive quadrilateral)?
It's easy to see that the answer is two thirds of the probability that the convex hull of {A,B,C,D} has four sides. That holds for any i.i.d. selection of the points (consider the points drawn from a circle).
With 5 points there are several possible topologies: no crossings, one, two, three, or five. Is 4 crossings possible?
No, but I forget the good proof, and hesitate to give you a tedious one. For N points, just characterizing the topologies gets interesting. Do we even have a closed form for the maximum number of self-intersections of the tour {p1, p2, ..., pn, p1}? Dan Hoey@AIC.NRL.Navy.Mil
"Steve Gray" <stevebg@adelphia.net> asks:
Questions related to the one I posted earlier today: Pick 6 random points A,B,...F uniformly distributed inside the unit sphere and in general position ( no 4 lying in a plane). (So we agree on the meaning, just pick -1 < x,y,z < 1 uniformly and independently and throw out points outside the sphere.) What is the probability that the closed polygon ABCDEFA forms a "stick knot"? Is there an easy way to show that 6 is the minimum? It's easy enough to convince oneself that it is, but that's not much of a "proof.") Find 6 points having the greatest number of sequences (permutations of the string) which form knots. Also the least number. Something I asked a year or so ago: Characterize knottedness with inequalities among the coordinates of the 6 points and polynomials in them, or whatever algebraic or other techniques it takes. In general how would one write a reasonably simple program (if possible to determine knotted/unknotted? Generalize to N>6 points. How many stick-knot topologies are there for N points? What is the probability for each? Where does this computation lie in the P,NP, etc. spectrum? Do any of these questions fall into the category of "officially unsolved problems" or ones of long standing? Steve Gray
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Dan Hoey -
Steve Gray